What Is Printmaking?
Printmaking is the procedure of making artworks by printing, usually on paper. Printmaking covers just the technique of creating prints with an element of creativity, instead of simply being a photographic replica of a painting. Except in the case of monotyping, the process is ideal for creating multiples of the same piece referred to as a print. Each piece made will not be a duplicate yet viewed as an original since it is not a copy of another masterwork and is formally identified as an 'impression'. Printmaking will not be selected just for being able to produce many duplicates, but instead for the unique qualities that each of the printmaking methods lends itself to.
Prints are created by transferring ink from a matrix or through a set screen to a sheet of paper or other material. Common types of matrices include: metallic plates, often copper or zinc, or plastic plates for engraving or etching; natural stone, aluminium, or plastic for lithography; blocks of wood for woodcuts and wood engravings; and linoleum for linocuts. Screens made from silk or synthetic fabrics can be used for the screen printing process.
Printmaking methods are generally divided into the following fundamental classes: 1) Relief, in which ink is put on the original surface of the matrix. Relief methods include: woodcut or woodblock as the Asian forms are frequently known, wood engraving, linocut as well as metalcut; 2) Intaglio, where ink is put on underneath the original surface of the matrix. Intaglio methods consist of: engraving, etching, mezzotint, aquatint, drypoint, as well as photogravure; 3) Planographic, where the matrix maintains its original surface area, but is specially set and/or inked to be able to allow for the transfer of the picture. Planographic methods include: lithography, monotyping, as well as digital methods. 4) Stencil, in which ink or paint is pressed through a ready screen, including: screen printing as well as pochoir.
Other types of printmaking methods apart from these groups include collagraphy, viscosity printing, and foil imaging. Collagraphy is a printmaking method in which textured material is stuck to the printing matrix. This texture will be moved to the piece of paper in the course of the printing procedure. Contemporary printmaking may include digital printing, photographic mediums, or a mixture of digital, photographic, as well as traditional techniques. Several of these techniques could also be merged, particularly within the same family. For example, Rembrandt's prints are often referred to as "etchings" for convenience, yet usually consist of work in engraving and drypoint at the same time, and sometimes have no etching whatsoever.
In printmaking processes requiring several application of ink or any other medium, the challenge prevails as to how to line up properly areas of a graphic to get ink in every application. The most apparent example of this would be a multi-color image in which every color is applied in a separate step. The lining up of the results of every step in a multistep printmaking method is known as "registration." Proper registration leads to the different components of an image being in their proper place. Yet, for artistic reasons, improper registration is not necessarily the ruination of an image. This can differ considerably from process to process. It generally requires placing the substrate, normally paper, in correct alignment with the printmaking component which will be providing it with coloration.
Prints are created by transferring ink from a matrix or through a set screen to a sheet of paper or other material. Common types of matrices include: metallic plates, often copper or zinc, or plastic plates for engraving or etching; natural stone, aluminium, or plastic for lithography; blocks of wood for woodcuts and wood engravings; and linoleum for linocuts. Screens made from silk or synthetic fabrics can be used for the screen printing process.
Printmaking methods are generally divided into the following fundamental classes: 1) Relief, in which ink is put on the original surface of the matrix. Relief methods include: woodcut or woodblock as the Asian forms are frequently known, wood engraving, linocut as well as metalcut; 2) Intaglio, where ink is put on underneath the original surface of the matrix. Intaglio methods consist of: engraving, etching, mezzotint, aquatint, drypoint, as well as photogravure; 3) Planographic, where the matrix maintains its original surface area, but is specially set and/or inked to be able to allow for the transfer of the picture. Planographic methods include: lithography, monotyping, as well as digital methods. 4) Stencil, in which ink or paint is pressed through a ready screen, including: screen printing as well as pochoir.
Other types of printmaking methods apart from these groups include collagraphy, viscosity printing, and foil imaging. Collagraphy is a printmaking method in which textured material is stuck to the printing matrix. This texture will be moved to the piece of paper in the course of the printing procedure. Contemporary printmaking may include digital printing, photographic mediums, or a mixture of digital, photographic, as well as traditional techniques. Several of these techniques could also be merged, particularly within the same family. For example, Rembrandt's prints are often referred to as "etchings" for convenience, yet usually consist of work in engraving and drypoint at the same time, and sometimes have no etching whatsoever.
In printmaking processes requiring several application of ink or any other medium, the challenge prevails as to how to line up properly areas of a graphic to get ink in every application. The most apparent example of this would be a multi-color image in which every color is applied in a separate step. The lining up of the results of every step in a multistep printmaking method is known as "registration." Proper registration leads to the different components of an image being in their proper place. Yet, for artistic reasons, improper registration is not necessarily the ruination of an image. This can differ considerably from process to process. It generally requires placing the substrate, normally paper, in correct alignment with the printmaking component which will be providing it with coloration.
About the Author:
Printmaking is a very vast medium in art and could be studied nearly anywhere, in art classes or from printmaking artists. Once you learn basic principles, you will discover there are numerous techniques to make a really great print.
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