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What Makes Us Get Scared?

By Carl Thomas


The heart beats faster and muscles tense. The pupils dilate and sweat forms. Skin turns pale as hairs on the neck stand up. This person is scared. But what makes us get scared? What is the brain saying and why?

The brain's reaction to threat is fear. The threat in the movie is the girl is going to be killed by the antagonist. The body begins to feel what the girl is feeling. The individual may not want this event to happen to them and begins to fear that it will. This event may have happened to the individual as well and they're reacting to a past experience.

Contextual fear conditioning is when the individual is in a situation where fear is learned. If a person lives in an environment of yelling and verbal abuse, they will ultimately grow to fear hearing the yelling individual's voice. This fear would be learn from constant put downs or knowledge that when the yelling begins physical abuse also begins. This would be a learned fear of an individual or yelling.

So where does it begin? Located in the temporal lobe of the brain is the hippocampus. One of the three sections of the hippocampus is called the limbic system. This part of the brain is involved in regulating the motivating behaviors of the body-including fight or flight, feeding, and sexual behavior. This is also where the amygdala is located.

During a fearful situation, the need to stay and fight or to run away is felt. This is called fight or flight. This is another way of survival for the body. The limbic system evaluates what the body needs in the fearful situation-can this body defend against the big, scary bear or run away? The body assists in releasing adrenaline, which is the physical reactions of the body-the dilated pupils, racing heart beat, and burst of energy.

Some individuals seek out the thrills of being scared. These individuals are referred to as 'adrenaline junkies'. They enjoy the rush of adrenaline and the feeling after. When released, adrenaline causes the body to feel a burst of energy. This would include dilated blood vessels allowing blood to enter muscles faster. Oxygen also travels to the lungs faster. The threat then being the ultimate adrenaline rush that results in death.

Adrenaline needs to be worked out of the body after released. The whole idea of adrenaline being released is to give the individual the extra burst to survive. When staying in the system, adrenaline gives the individual jittery feelings. Insomnia can also result from the adrenaline staying the system.

What makes us get scared is a result of personal experience. Not everyone is afraid of spiders or falling. The body will defend itself the best way it can for survival. Hopefully, understanding where the fear comes from can help the individual overcome the fear.




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