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The Science of Surround Sound

By Jason Carwell


We all must have heard of surround sound - it is most commonly available to the public through modern movie theaters and cinemas. After all, we live in a time of rapidly evolving technologies that it would be unlikely and impractical not to experience them at least for a bit. With the advent of surround sound systems like the, Klipsch 300, the home experience has definitely been amplified to accommodate high quality viewing with matching true-to-life sounds that capture the awe and amazement of the viewers.

What is Surround Sound? - Surround sound specifically refers to a multi-channel system created by Dolby Laboratories. Nevertheless it is commonly employed to refer to a sound system that use the multiple speakers set up at strategic locations so the audience can better hear them so that they will experience a multi-directional source of sound. Hence, "surround" sound.

How does it Work? - Surround sound systems like the Sony BRAVIA DVD Home Theater System are different from the monaural systems of the old times, since it utilizes channels that output to several different speakers. With respect to a focal point or a sweet spot where the system is best appreciated (universally at the middle), these speakers are set up to make the listener hear the sounds from different directions (front, sides, and back).

This gives the listener the impression that he is right in the middle of the movie he is watching. This is where the attraction for the system becomes relevant to the customer.

The monotonous single dimensional sound that you experienced in the old movie theaters where there is only a single speaker and all aspects and layers of the produced sound come out solely from it are gone. With this new surround sound you can artistically mix dialogues, sound effects, and music from distinct recordings and you can output them from different speakers. You can also fade out a particular sound layer from one channel and strengthen the same at another to make the sound seem to move about you.

Different Surround Sound Systems - There are many methods where this technology can be used. The most popular and standard method is the 5.1 channel surround. In this method, there are six distinct channels being outputted to five different speakers and one subwoofer for bass amplification.

In 5.1, you have three speakers in front (front center, front left, and front right) and two surround speakers behind you to the left and right. This covers not just two sides, front and left but also the back.

There is 7.1 channel surround which is a more high quality system. This uses an additional two speakers positioned directly at the two sides of the middle or the sweet spot. The additional speakers work by saturating the sound the audience hears to make it fuller and providing a more detailed directional distinction.

Breaking Boundaries with 10.2 and 22.2 - It seems like 8 channels are not enough since THX developed an even more impressive set up with the 10.2 channel surround system. In this setup the standard left, center and right channels are there and then a left wide and a right wide channel another two oblique sides with one back surround channel, one front left height and one front right height channel, and two subwoofers located directly at the sides.

The 22.2 channel surround system is employed by Ultra High Definition Televisions. It allocates 22 speakers across the three layers (ear level, below ear level, and above ear level) and two subwoofers for extraordinary explosive sound experience. Surround sound can't possibly more all-encompassing than this, or can it?




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