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The Start Of Mixed Media Art

By Clara Berta


What we know presently as mixed media art began in the early 20th century, when artists in search of an alternative to the things they saw as hidebound academicism began including objects and images that were not regarded as art materials in their works. Samples of daily materials being a part of ceremonial or aesthetic items are available dating back to prehistory, however, these were made with various intentions, and provided a very different social purpose than the things referred to as "art."

In the year 1912, Picasso incorporated a chair caning into one of his many works. While this act would seem tame these days, it was actually quite radical at that time, when the idea of art needed a removal from the day-to-day world. By linking the divide between reality and paint, Picasso helped to bring on a time of radical change in art, when rules were trashed and materials of all kinds started to be seen as capable of turning into art. Five years later, in 1917, Marcel Duchamp exhibited a urinal in an art show. Regardless of whether he was trying to make the point that all things are art, or that not a single thing art, has been the subject of debate ever since. Duchamp's uncovering of the "readymade," as he named the urinal as well as other objects that he chose, removed the line between art and life more completely than Picasso had done.

In the 1920s, members of the Dada movement involved newspapers, detritus off the street, and pieces of wood, dressmakers' dummies and many other things in their artwork. Although Dada was a self-proclaimed anti-art movement, their continuation of Picasso's as well as Duchamp's use of "non-art" objects in the artistic context helped to promote the development of mixed-media art, inducing the continuation, rather than the destruction, of art.

In the 1950s, Arman became very flourishing as an artist primarily by assembling large numbers of things in a single place. His signature style was a collection of items like wrenches, cutlery or shoes contained within a plexiglass box. Many have viewed his art as either a condemnation or a celebration of mass usage, the real beauty of it being that it could be either. In the 60's, Jean Tinguely created sculptures from pieces of steel and various metals, found things as well as gears. The unique characteristic of Tinguely's masterpieces was that they're animated and self-destroying. When Tinguely had finished a work, he'd organize a performance to which numerous individuals would come and see his chaotic creations break themselves into oblivion.

Mixed media art is any form of art that combines two or more mediums in a single work. Assemblages and collages are varieties of mixed media which have been widely used in the twenty-first century. The combination of painting media such as oil, acrylic and watercolour in a single work has become a popular practice among artists. The combination of various drawing media, along with the mixture of drawing with media like painting, is yet another common form of mixed media art. The combination of printmaking techniques, like lithography and woodcuts, has a long history, and advancements in technology have motivated printmakers to experiment with mixing conventional techniques with digital printing as well as photography.




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